Fission weapons Nuclear weapons exploit two principle physical, or more specifically nuclear, properties of certain substances: fission and fusion . Fission is possible in a number of heavy elements, but in weapons it is principally confined to what is termed slow neutron fission in just two particular isotopes: 235 U and 239 Pu. These are termed fissile , and are the source of energy in atomic weapons. An explosive chain reaction can be started with relatively slight energy input (so-called slow neutrons) in such material. An actual 239 Pu ingot, alloyed with gallium for improved physical properties Isotopes are 'varieties' of an element which differ only in their number of neutrons. For example, hydrogen exists as 1 H 2 H and 3 H -- different isotopes of the same chemical element, with no, one, and two neutrons respectively. All the chemical properties, and most of the physical properties, are the same between isotopes. ...
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